A. UNDERSTANDING THE DEFINITION OF
ADAPTATION
All living things breed in order to preserve the
species from extinction. But besides breed, every living creature also perform
a process called adaptation in order to withstand various natural selection and
maintain its viability.
Adaptation can be defined as the ability of living
beings to be able to adjust to the environment. Every living being has the different
capability adaptation, some creatures can easily adapt, but there are also
several types of living beings who have difficulty in adapting. Of course, adaptable
living beings are easier to maintain viability, and vice versa. So do not be
surprised if there are some rare living creatures because of the verge of
extinction, one of the reason is because they dont have good ability to adapt.
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B. TYPES OF ADAPTATION
Each type of living things have a way of adaptation
that is different to eah other, it is influenced by two factors, Internal
Factor (factor derived from the living body itself or genetically) and external
factors (factors obtained from the environment)
The adaptation grouped into three types ;
morphological adaptation, physiological adaptation and behavioral adaptation.
Here's the explanation.
1.
Morphological Adaptation
Morphological adaptations is the adaptation by living
beings on the environment related to the form and structure of its body parts.
Some examples include morphological adaptations in animals ; birds able to fly
because it has wings, birds according to its function there are different types
of beaks and feet of birds, differences in the teeth between carnivores and
herbivores. While examples of morphological adaptations in plants such as ; the
shape and size of leaves is different between plants living in arid
environments with plants that live in watery environments.
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2.
Physiological Adaptation
Physiological adaptations is an adaptation by living
beings on the environment related to the functioning of various tissues and
organs of a themself.
Examples of physiological adaptation in animals such
as ruminant animals that can produce cellulase enzymes to digest high-fiber
foods. Examples of physiological adaptation in plants; we can see it on an oak
tree whose leaves fall during the dry season. This occurs as a result of an oak
tree produces a hormone that makes the leaves fall to reduce evaporation in
summer and conserve water storage.
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3. Behavioral
Adaptation
Behavioral Adaptation is an adaptation by living
beings on the environment in the form of behaviors that are typical and
specific. For examples ; Behavior of beetle pretending to be dead when in a
state of danger, turtle hiding head into its shell when in a state of danger
and salmon back to the river when the nesting period.
